clojure -X:deps mvn-install :jar '"my-lib.jar"' reads the pom.xml file inside the JAR to get group, artifact, and version information but does not copy that pom.xml file into the local repo as a .pom file.
clojure -X:deps mvn-install :jar '"my-lib.jsr"' :pom '"pom.xml"' reads the specified pom.xml file, and does copy it into the local repo.
The .pom file should be created in both cases.
Applied fix, not yet released
Released in Clojure tools 1.10.1.723 / tools.deps.alpha 0.9.828